# Harry Harrison

> A comics artist who turned to prose and created the Stainless Steel Rat, Bill the Galactic Hero and the overpopulation novel that became Soylent Green.

- Science-fiction novelist · The Stainless Steel Rat · Make Room! Make Room!
- Known for: The Stainless Steel Rat novels about the con man Slippery Jim diGriz, and *Make Room! Make Room!* (1966), the overpopulation novel that was the basis for the film *Soylent Green*.[5][3]
- Born: March 12, 1925
- Died: August 15, 2012
- Last updated: 2026-11-15
- Editorial review: approved 2026-11-15
- Web page: https://authorbackstories.com/classic/harry-harrison/
- Reading list (PDF): https://authorbackstories.com/classic/harry-harrison/reading-list.pdf

## Featured book: Basis of Soylent Green

*Make Room! Make Room!* (1966). His 1966 novel of an overcrowded New York City of 35 million people, where a police detective investigates a murder.[12][2] It was the loose basis for the 1973 film *Soylent Green*, which moved the story from 1999 to 2022.[8]

## At a glance

- Born: Henry Maxwell Dempsey, March 12, 1925, in Stamford, Connecticut[4][3]
- War service: U.S. Army Air Forces in the Second World War, as a gunsight technician and gunnery instructor[3][4]
- Before novels: Comics artist and writer, including for EC Comics and the *Flash Gordon* newspaper strip[4][1]
- Other bylines: Felix Boyd and Hank Dempsey for early stories; ghostwriter of a Saint novel credited to Leslie Charteris[1][2]
- Died: August 15, 2012, in East Sussex, England, aged 87[5][1]
- Major award: Science Fiction Hall of Fame, 2004[4]
- Major award: Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award, 2009[4]

## Harry Harrison's Backstory

### Early life

Harry Harrison was born Henry Maxwell Dempsey in Stamford, Connecticut, on March 12, 1925.[4] His father, a printer of mostly Irish descent, changed the family name to Harrison soon after he was born, and his mother had been born in Riga and grew up in St. Petersburg.[3] As a teenager he was a founding member of the Queens Science Fiction League and attended the first World Science Fiction Convention in 1939.[6]

He was drafted into the U.S. Army Air Forces in the Second World War, where he worked as a gunsight technician and gunnery instructor and learned Esperanto.[3]

### Comics and first stories

After the war he studied at art schools in New York and worked as a commercial artist.[5] From about 1946 he worked mainly in comics as an illustrator and writer, often with Wallace Wood, and drew for EC Comics' *Weird Fantasy* and *Weird Science*.[1][4] He also illustrated science-fiction magazines and was the main writer of the *Flash Gordon* newspaper strip in the 1950s and 1960s.[1][4]

Damon Knight, editor of *Worlds Beyond*, bought his first story, "Rock Diver," published in February 1951.[1] Writing from Mexico in 1957, he made his first sale to John W. Campbell Jr. at *Astounding*: the first story about Slippery Jim diGriz, the Stainless Steel Rat.[1]

### Deathworld, the Rat and Bill

His first novel, *Deathworld*, ran in *Astounding*/*Analog* in early 1960 and came out from Bantam that September.[1][2] It earned a Hugo nomination.[4] Pyramid published *The Stainless Steel Rat*, built from the magazine stories, in November 1961.[2][1] He went on writing about the Rat for almost fifty years, ending with *The Stainless Steel Rat Returns* in 2010.[1][2]

*Bill, the Galactic Hero* (1965), which first ran in *Galaxy* as "The Starsloggers," satirized military science fiction.[1] Its six sequels, written with other authors, followed between 1989 and the early 1990s.[2]

### Make Room! Make Room!

*Make Room! Make Room!* ran in *SF Impulse* in 1966 and was published by Doubleday that year.[1] Set in an overcrowded New York of 1999, it follows a police detective investigating a murder.[8][12] MGM bought the rights without Harrison being told during the negotiations, and he was contractually denied control over the screenplay.[8] Charlton Heston and the producer Walter Seltzer persuaded the studio to make the film.[7] Harrison later criticized the script but said that "Soylent Green" works as a film.[7]

### Editor and traveler

With Brian W. Aldiss he founded *SF Horizons*, a critical journal that ran to two issues, and edited the *Best SF* annuals and three *Decade* anthologies.[3][1] The two also created World SF, an organization of professionals meant to encourage science fiction outside the English-speaking world.[3] He briefly edited *Impulse*, *Amazing Stories* and *Fantastic*, and four *Nova* anthologies in the 1970s.[1]

He moved often: to Mexico, then Britain, Italy and Denmark, where he lived for about seven years, then San Diego, and back to Britain by the mid-1970s.[3] Later he settled in Ireland, where he helped found the Irish Science Fiction Association, and in his last years he lived in Brighton, England.[3]

### Later books

In the 1980s he wrote the Eden trilogy, beginning with *West of Eden* (1984).[1] In the 1990s he turned to alternate history: *The Hammer and the Cross* trilogy, written with Tom Shippey, and the *Stars and Stripes* trilogy, which began with *Stars and Stripes Forever* (1998).[4][1]

His wife, Joan Merkler Harrison, whom he married in 1954, died in 2002; they had two children.[5] He was inducted into the Science Fiction Hall of Fame in 2004 and named a Damon Knight Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 2009.[4]

### Death

Harrison died on August 15, 2012, in East Sussex, England, at 87.[5] His memoir, *Harry Harrison! Harry Harrison!*, finished shortly before his death, was published in 2014.[1]

## Fun facts

- He did not know until he was 30 that his father had changed the family name from Dempsey to Harrison; he then legally became Harry Max Harrison.[4][6]
- He was a founding member of the Queens Science Fiction League and attended the first Worldcon, in 1939.[6]
- He learned Esperanto during his wartime service, reportedly out of boredom, used it in the Stainless Steel Rat and Deathworld books, and became honorary president of the Esperanto Association of Ireland.[3][4]
- He was the main writer of the *Flash Gordon* newspaper strip in the 1950s and 1960s.[4]
- He ghostwrote *Vendetta for the Saint* (1964), published under the name of the Saint's creator, Leslie Charteris.[2][3]
- He drew the jackets for the UK hardcovers of the second and third Stainless Steel Rat books.[1]
- The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction describes *Bill, the Galactic Hero* as a lampoon of stories by Robert A. Heinlein, Isaac Asimov and Harrison himself.[1]
- He qualified for Irish citizenship through an Irish grandparent.[3]
- Harrison later said he was "fifty percent" pleased with *Soylent Green*; he had been contractually denied any control over the screenplay.[8]
- He was working on the screenplay of *Bill, the Galactic Hero* with Alex Cox when he died; the film was made by Cox's students at the University of Colorado Boulder.[9]

## Books

In order of first publication; each series is kept together in reading order.

Titles and years of first publication from Paul Tomlinson's bibliography of first editions, checked against The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction; the memoir is from the Encyclopedia.[2][1]

- **Deathworld** (series, 3 books, 1960–1968). Read in publication order.[2]
  - 1960: Book 1, *Deathworld* (Novel). His first novel; it earned a Hugo nomination.[4] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Deathworld%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1964: Book 2, *Deathworld 2* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Deathworld%202%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1968: Book 3, *Deathworld 3* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Deathworld%203%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **The Stainless Steel Rat** (series, 11 books, 1961–2010). Numbered in publication order; three later books, starting with *A Stainless Steel Rat Is Born*, go back to Jim diGriz's early life.[2][1]
  - 1961: Book 1, *The Stainless Steel Rat* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1970: Book 2, *The Stainless Steel Rat's Revenge* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat's%20Revenge%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1972: Book 3, *The Stainless Steel Rat Saves the World* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Saves%20the%20World%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1978: Book 4, *The Stainless Steel Rat Wants You!* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Wants%20You!%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1982: Book 5, *The Stainless Steel Rat for President* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20for%20President%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1985: Book 6, *A Stainless Steel Rat Is Born* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=A%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Is%20Born%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1987: Book 7, *The Stainless Steel Rat Gets Drafted* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Gets%20Drafted%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1994: Book 8, *The Stainless Steel Rat Sings the Blues* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Sings%20the%20Blues%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1996: Book 9, *The Stainless Steel Rat Goes to Hell* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Goes%20to%20Hell%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1999: Book 10, *The Stainless Steel Rat Joins the Circus* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Joins%20the%20Circus%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 2010: Book 11, *The Stainless Steel Rat Returns* (Novel). His last novel.[2] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%20Returns%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **Planet of the Damned** (series, 2 books, 1962–1981). *Planet of No Return* is the sequel.[1]
  - 1962: Book 1, *Planet of the Damned* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Planet%20of%20the%20Damned%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1981: Book 2, *Planet of No Return* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Planet%20of%20No%20Return%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1962: *War with the Robots* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=War%20with%20the%20Robots%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **Bill, the Galactic Hero** (series, 7 books, 1965–1991). The first book is Harrison's own; the six sequels were written with other authors.[2]
  - 1965: Book 1, *Bill, the Galactic Hero* (Novel). ISBN 9781473205314. [Bookshop](https://bookshop.org/a/131187/9781473205314) · [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/isbn/9781473205314)
  - 1989: Book 2, *Bill, the Galactic Hero on the Planet of Robot Slaves* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Bill%2C%20the%20Galactic%20Hero%20on%20the%20Planet%20of%20Robot%20Slaves%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1990: Book 3, *Bill, the Galactic Hero on the Planet of Bottled Brains* (Novel, with Robert Sheckley). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Bill%2C%20the%20Galactic%20Hero%20on%20the%20Planet%20of%20Bottled%20Brains%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1991: Book 4, *Bill, the Galactic Hero on the Planet of Tasteless Pleasures* (Novel, with David Bischoff). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Bill%2C%20the%20Galactic%20Hero%20on%20the%20Planet%20of%20Tasteless%20Pleasures%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1991: Book 5, *Bill, the Galactic Hero on the Planet of Zombie Vampires* (Novel, with Jack C. Haldeman II). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Bill%2C%20the%20Galactic%20Hero%20on%20the%20Planet%20of%20Zombie%20Vampires%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1991: Book 6, *Bill, the Galactic Hero on the Planet of Ten Thousand Bars* (Novel, with David Bischoff). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Bill%2C%20the%20Galactic%20Hero%20on%20the%20Planet%20of%20Ten%20Thousand%20Bars%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1991: Book 7, *Bill, the Galactic Hero: The Final Incoherent Adventure* (Novel, with David Harris). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Bill%2C%20the%20Galactic%20Hero%3A%20The%20Final%20Incoherent%20Adventure%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1965: *Plague from Space* (Novel). Later expanded as *The Jupiter Plague* (1982).[2] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Plague%20from%20Space%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1965: *Two Tales and Eight Tomorrows* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Two%20Tales%20and%20Eight%20Tomorrows%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1966: *Make Room! Make Room!* (Novel). Basis for the film *Soylent Green* (1973).[5] ISBN 9780241507704. [Bookshop](https://bookshop.org/a/131187/9780241507704) · [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/isbn/9780241507704)
- 1967: *The Technicolor Time Machine* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Technicolor%20Time%20Machine%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1969: *Captive Universe* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Captive%20Universe%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1970: *One Step from Earth* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=One%20Step%20from%20Earth%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1970: *Prime Number* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Prime%20Number%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1970: *Spaceship Medic* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Spaceship%20Medic%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1970: *The Daleth Effect* (Novel). Also published as *In Our Hands, the Stars*.[2] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Daleth%20Effect%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1972: *A Transatlantic Tunnel, Hurrah!* (Novel). Published in the US as *Tunnel Through the Deeps*.[1] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=A%20Transatlantic%20Tunnel%2C%20Hurrah!%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1972: *Montezuma's Revenge* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Montezuma's%20Revenge%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1972: *Stonehenge* (Novel, with Leon Stover). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Stonehenge%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1973: *Star Smashers of the Galaxy Rangers* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Star%20Smashers%20of%20the%20Galaxy%20Rangers%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1974: *Queen Victoria's Revenge* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Queen%20Victoria's%20Revenge%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1974: *The Men from P.I.G. and R.O.B.O.T.* (Story collection). Two linked novellas.[3] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Men%20from%20P.I.G.%20and%20R.O.B.O.T.%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1975: *The California Iceberg* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20California%20Iceberg%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1976: *Skyfall* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Skyfall%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1976: *The Best of Harry Harrison* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Best%20of%20Harry%20Harrison%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1976: *The Lifeship* (Novel, with Gordon R. Dickson). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Lifeship%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1979: *Planet Story* (Other). Illustrated by Jim Burns.[2] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Planet%20Story%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1980: *The QE II Is Missing* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20QE%20II%20Is%20Missing%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **To the Stars** (series, 3 books, 1980–1981)
  - 1980: Book 1, *Homeworld* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Homeworld%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1981: Book 2, *Wheelworld* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Wheelworld%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1981: Book 3, *Starworld* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Starworld%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1982: *Invasion: Earth* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Invasion%3A%20Earth%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1983: *A Rebel in Time* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=A%20Rebel%20in%20Time%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **Eden** (series, 3 books, 1984–1988)
  - 1984: Book 1, *West of Eden* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=West%20of%20Eden%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1986: Book 2, *Winter in Eden* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Winter%20in%20Eden%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1988: Book 3, *Return to Eden* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Return%20to%20Eden%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1985: *You Can Be the Stainless Steel Rat: An Interactive Game Book* (Other). An interactive gamebook.[2] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=You%20Can%20Be%20the%20Stainless%20Steel%20Rat%3A%20An%20Interactive%20Game%20Book%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1992: *The Turing Option* (Novel, with Marvin Minsky). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Turing%20Option%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1993: *Stainless Steel Visions* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Stainless%20Steel%20Visions%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **The Hammer and the Cross** (series, 3 books, 1993–1996). Written with Tom Shippey, credited as John Holm.[1]
  - 1993: Book 1, *The Hammer and the Cross* (Novel, with John Holm). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=The%20Hammer%20and%20the%20Cross%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1994: Book 2, *One King's Way* (Novel, with John Holm). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=One%20King's%20Way%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 1996: Book 3, *King and Emperor* (Novel, with John Holm). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=King%20and%20Emperor%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 1994: *Galactic Dreams* (Story collection). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Galactic%20Dreams%20Harry%20Harrison)
- **Stars and Stripes** (series, 3 books, 1998–2002)
  - 1998: Book 1, *Stars and Stripes Forever* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Stars%20and%20Stripes%20Forever%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 2000: Book 2, *Stars and Stripes in Peril* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Stars%20and%20Stripes%20in%20Peril%20Harry%20Harrison)
  - 2002: Book 3, *Stars and Stripes Triumphant* (Novel). [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Stars%20and%20Stripes%20Triumphant%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 2001: *50 in 50* (Story collection). Fifty stories, one for each year of his career.[2] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=50%20in%2050%20Harry%20Harrison)
- 2014: *Harry Harrison! Harry Harrison!: It Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time* (Memoir). Completed shortly before his death and published afterward.[1] [WorldCat](https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=Harry%20Harrison!%20Harry%20Harrison!%3A%20It%20Seemed%20Like%20a%20Good%20Idea%20at%20the%20Time%20Harry%20Harrison)

## Latest news

- Dec. 19, 2024: Rebellion published *The Stainless Steel Rat – Color Omnibus*, a full-colour edition of *2000 AD*'s comic adaptation of his novels by Kelvin Gosnell and Carlos Ezquerra.[11]

## Adaptations and other media

### Film

- *Soylent Green* (1973). Based on *Make Room! Make Room!*. Richard Fleischer directed MGM's film from a screenplay by Stanley R. Greenberg, with Charlton Heston and, in his last film, Edward G. Robinson.[8] It moved the setting to 2022, added the cannibalism twist and won the Nebula Award for Best Dramatic Presentation.[7][1]
- *Bill, the Galactic Hero* (2014). Based on *Bill, the Galactic Hero*. Alex Cox and six student co-directors made it at the University of Colorado Boulder, funded by a Kickstarter campaign that raised $114,957; Harrison had granted Cox an academic license.[9]

### Comics and graphic novels

- *The Stainless Steel Rat (2000 AD)* (1979–1985). Based on *The Stainless Steel Rat*, *The Stainless Steel Rat Saves the World*, *The Stainless Steel Rat for President*. Kelvin Gosnell adapted three of the novels for the British comic *2000 AD*, drawn by Carlos Ezquerra.[10] Rebellion reissued them in full colour in 2024.[11]

## Myth and record

- Claim: In *Make Room! Make Room!*, the food called soylent turns out to be made from people, as in the film's famous ending.[7]
  The record: The cannibalism twist was added for the film and is absent from the novel.[7] The book mentions "soylent steaks" but never "Soylent Green," the ration invented for the film.[8]

## Timeline

- March 12, 1925: Born Henry Maxwell Dempsey in Stamford, Connecticut; his father soon changes the family name to Harrison.[5][4]
- 1939: Attends the first World Science Fiction Convention.[6]
- Feb. 1951: His first story, "Rock Diver," appears in *Worlds Beyond*.[1]
- Aug. 1957: The first Stainless Steel Rat story appears in *Astounding*, sent from Mexico.[1]
- Sept. 1960: Bantam publishes his first novel, *Deathworld*.[2]
- Nov. 1961: Pyramid publishes *The Stainless Steel Rat*.[2]
- 1965: *Bill, the Galactic Hero* is published by Doubleday.[2]
- 1966: Doubleday publishes *Make Room! Make Room!*.[2]
- April 19, 1973: MGM releases *Soylent Green*, loosely based on the novel.[8]
- Aug. 1984: *West of Eden* begins the Eden trilogy.[2]
- 1990: Guest of Honor at ConFiction, the 48th World Science Fiction Convention.[4]
- 2004: Inducted into the Science Fiction Hall of Fame.[4][5]
- 2009: Named a Damon Knight Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America.[4]
- Aug. 15, 2012: Dies in East Sussex, England, aged 87.[5]
- 2014: His memoir is published, and Alex Cox's student film of *Bill, the Galactic Hero* premieres in Boulder, Colorado.[1][9]
- Dec. 19, 2024: Rebellion publishes a full-colour omnibus of the *2000 AD* Stainless Steel Rat comics.[11]

## What came after

*Make Room! Make Room!* was first published by Doubleday in 1966, so the novel behind *Soylent Green* turns 60 in 2026.[2]

## Sources

1. [Harrison, Harry](https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/harrison_harry). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. (reference)
2. [Harry Harrison: A Brief Bibliography of First Editions and First Appearances (compiled by Paul Tomlinson)](https://michaelowencarroll.com/hh/firsteditions.htm). michaelowencarroll.com. (reference)
3. [Harry Harrison (writer)](https://www.wikiwand.com/en/articles/Harry_Harrison_(writer)). Wikipedia (via Wikiwand). (reference)
4. [In Memoriam: Harry Harrison](https://sfwa.org/2012/08/15/in-memoriam-harry-harrison/). Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association. (primary record)
5. [Harry Harrison (1925-2012)](https://locusmag.com/2012/08/harry-harrison-1925-2012). Locus. (news)
6. [Harry Harrison](https://fancyclopedia.org/Harry-harrison). Fancyclopedia 3. (reference)
7. [Why Soylent Green's Original Author Absolutely Hated The Film's Script](https://slashfilm.com/1610546/soylent-green-sci-fi-author-harry-harrison-hated-film-script). /Film. (news)
8. [Soylent Green](https://bafybeiaysi4s6lnjev27ln5icwm6tueaw2vdykrtjkwiphwekaywqhcjze.ipfs.ipfs.hypha.coop/wiki/Soylent_Green). Wikipedia (IPFS mirror). (reference)
9. [Bill, the Galactic Hero (film)](https://kaweah.freedombox.rocks/kiwix/wikipedia_en_all_maxi_2023-10/Bill%2C_the_Galactic_Hero_(film)). Wikipedia (Kiwix mirror, Oct. 2023). (reference)
10. [New Stainless Steel Rat collection from Rebellion](https://www.brokenfrontier.com/?p=96104). Broken Frontier. (news)
11. [The Stainless Steel Rat – Color Omnibus](https://timesbookshop.co.uk/the-stainless-steel-rat-color-omnibus-9781837862733). Times Bookshop. (website)
12. [Make Room! Make Room!](https://www.hatchards.co.uk/book/make-room-make-room/harry-harrison/9780241507704). Hatchards. (website)
13. [Bill, the Galactic Hero](https://adaptive.hachettelearning.com/titles/harry-harrison/bill-the-galactic-hero/9781473205314/). Hachette UK. (website)